市场潜能促进了制造业女性就业吗？基于中国工业企业数据的实证分析

    Does Market Potential Promote Female Employment in Manufacturing Industries？ Empirical Study Based on the Data of Industrial Enterprises in China
    基金：基金项目：国家社科基金重点项目（11AJL005）;国家社科基金青年项目（12CJL054）
    摘要：文章首先构造了中国337个地级及以上城市的真实市场潜能指标，并利用2007年中国工业企业数据和工具变量法，实证分析了真实市场潜能对制造业女性就业的影响。研究发现，真实市场潜能显著促进了制造业女性就业，且考虑变量内生性问题和剔除城市自身真实市场潜能后的估计结果均十分稳健；但这种影响在不同所有制和不同行业中并不一致，真实市场潜能不利于国有和外资企业的女性就业，但显著促进了非国有内资企业和劳动密集型行业的女性就业，对资本技术密集型行业的影响并不显著。
    This paper first constructs real market potential index of 337 cities at prefec- ture level or above in China and empirically analyzes the effect of real market potential on fe male employment in manufacturing industries by the data of industrial enterprises in 2007 in China and instrumental variables method. It reaches the following conclusions： firstly, real market potential significantly promotes female employment in manufacturing industries, and even after the consideration of endogenous variables and the elimination of real market poten- tial of cities themselves, the regression results are still robust; secondly, the influence is in- consistent in different ownership and industries, namely real market potential is not benefi- cial to female employment in state-owned and foreign companies, but significantly promotes female employment in non-state-owned domestic enterprises and labor-intensive industries while it has no significant effects on capital and technology intensive industries.
    关 键 词：真实市场潜能 集聚 新经济地理学 女性就业
    real market potential agglomeration new economic geography femaleemployment
    分 类 号：F729
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