制造业劳动生产率变动及其源泉——基于中国2000-2007年规模以上制造业企业数据的估算

    摘要: 本文对中国2000-2007年制造业的劳动生产率情况进行了全面测算。结果表明,自进入21世纪以来,制造业总体劳动生产率增长速度很快,这一快速增长主要是由技术进步而非要素投入驱动的。劳动生产率的快速提高源自劳动密集型产业自身生产率的进步,并没有从产业结构转换上获取劳动生产率的提高。依赖劳动密集型产业的东部沿海地区劳动生产率的增长已有所放缓,而后起的中西部地区依赖资本密集型产业则显现出强劲的发展势头。由此看来,依赖劳动密集型产业的发展来实现经济发展的源泉已逐渐耗尽,我国制造业未来的发展和劳动生产率的提高需要产业结构的升级和调整。
    关键词: 劳动生产率； 产业升级； 经济增长
    Abstract: Based on the data of manufacturing firms from 2000 to 2007,we calculate the comprehensive labor productivity in China’s manufacturing industries.The results show that,since the new century,the overall labor productivity in manufacturing industries grows fast,and the rapid growth rate mainly comes from the technical progress but not the factor inputs.The rapid increase of labor productivity comes from the labor productivity increase of labor-intensive industries itself,and industrial upgrading contributes little to the growth of labor productivity.the labor productivity’s growth of the eastern coastal regions,which rely mainly on labor-intensive industries,slows down,but the central and western regions which depend on capital-intensive industries shows strong momentum of development.We conclude from these results that we cannot rely on labor-intensive industries to achieve the economic development in the long term.The development of China’s manufacturing industries in the future can be achieved only by the upgrading and the adjustment of industrial structure.
    Key words: labor productivity； industrial upgrading； economic development
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    文章出处：《经济理论与经济管理》，2010年第12期