国民收入分配格局变化与劳动报酬问题

    摘要：由于劳动报酬存在统计口径问题，有关中国劳动报酬份额问题经常被误读，其原因主要在于使用不同统计口径劳动报酬数据进行国际比较时常会导致错误结论。当使用国际可比口径来衡量劳动报酬时，劳动报酬份额应该随着雇员就业比例的升高而增加，但2003年后中国劳动报酬份额并没有随雇员就业比例上升而增加，从而导致工薪劳动者实际工资水平出现下降；与此同时，工薪劳动者内部工资水平变化也出现分化，主要表现为越是低收入的劳动者工资增长速度越慢，而越是高收入的劳动者工资收入增长越快，劳动力市场上工资收入出现了“两极化”现象。工薪劳动者总体工资水平下降是当前收入分配领域存在的突出问题，而这主要是低工资劳动者工资增长缓慢的结果，因此，如何实现低收入劳动者工资的合理增长是改善收入分配状况的关键所在。
     
    National Income Distribution and Issue of Labour Compensation in China                
    Abstract: As the definitions of labor compensations vary among countries, the issue of labor income share in GDP is always misreading when international comparisons are made. When the labor compensation is defined as employee compensation, the share of labor income will increase with the increase in share of employee in total employment. However, since 2003 the share of employee in total employment has increased very fast in China while the share of labor’s income has remained relatively stable, suggesting a real decline of compensation to waged-workers. Furthermore, the wages in labor market in China has also polarized as the wages of high-wage workers are growing much faster than those of the low-wage workers. The slow growth of wages for the low-wage workers is therefore the main problem existing in income distribution in China.
    文章出处：中国人口与劳动问题报告No.13，第十六章