中国城镇非正规就业：规模、特征和收入差距

    摘要：文章利用全国普查性数据描述中国城镇非正规就业的规模和特征,并分析其对收入分配差距的影响。研究表明,2005年,非正规就业已占中国城镇就业的58.85%,正规与非正规就业者之间的小时收入差距达到1.65倍,其中约有1/4是由劳动力市场歧视造成的。与此同时,非正规就业人员的内部收入不平等程度很高,对总体收入不平等的贡献达到51.09%,而正规和非正规就业的组间收入差距,对总体收入不平等的贡献达到13.68%。文章的主要观点是:非正规就业已成为中国收入分配差距的重要来源,因此,实现非正规就业的正规化,是缩小中国收入差距的有效政策之一。
    The Informal Employment in Urban China: Size, Features and Earning Disparity
    Abstract: This paper is the first trial to estimate the size and describe the features of informal employment in urban China, and analyzes its impacts on the income disparity using the 2005 China 1% census data. Our estimation shows that the proportion of informal employment in urban employment of China has got a high level of 58.85% and the hourly earning’s gap between formal and informal workers got to 1.65 times in 2005. Inquiring the factors causing the gap, we find that 1/4 of them come from labor market discrimination. Within the disparity, earning’s inequality within informal workers is higher than that within formal ones, which contributes 51.09% of the earning inequality among all the workers. The earning gap between informal and formal workers also contributes 13.68% of the overall earning inequality. This means that formalizing of informal employment will be able to effectively reduce China's income inequality.
    Key words: Informal Employment; Earning Gap; Income Inequality; Wage Differential
    全文阅读
    文章出处：经济社会体制比较，2012年第6期