培训对农民工人力资本收益贡献的净效应——基于平均处理效应的估计

    摘要：农民工人力资本积累及收益的提高是中国进入中等收入发展阶段实现产业升级、转变经济发展方式的客观需要。本文使用国家统计局2011年农民工监测调查的微观数据，度量和描述了农民工人力资本的结构特征，采用倾向性得分匹配（PSM）估计方法，估计了剥离受教育程度影响后技能培训对农民工人力资本收益的平均净效应。研究发现，接受过非农技能培训的农民工比未接受过技能培训的农民工月工资高136.8元，培训使农民工人力资本净收益提高了近8.24%，明显高于教育回报率；与此同时，受教育程度对培训也具有显著的正向交互效应。因此，通过培训提高农民工的专业化人力资本积累，是相关政策应当关注的重点和优先序所在。
    关键词：农民工 培训 人力资本收益 倾向性得分匹配 平均处理效应
    How much can Skill-training raise migrant workers’ Income of Human capital?Based on Research of Average Treatment Effects
    Abstract: The accumulation and raise of income of human capital is crucial to China’s industry upgrading and shift of its economic growth mode as it enters the medium-income development stage. This paper, based on the micro-sample data on 2011 monitoring survey of migrant workers from State Statistics Bureau, measures and describes the structural features of human capital of rural migrant workers and, leaving aside the effect of educational level, evaluates the average effect of skills training on human capital income of migrant workers with the application of PSM. The study finds that, among the migrant workers, the income of those who have received skill-training other than agricultural increase 136.8 Yuan monthly than those who have not, which means skill-training raises the income of human capital of migrant workers by 8.24 percent. The results of this study have significant implications for policy making as regards to the perfection and increase of human capital of manpower in the medium-income stage.
    Key Words: Training; Returns of Human Capital; Propensity Score; ATT
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    文章出处：中国农村经济，2013年第8期