一个农业人口大国的工业化之路中国降低农村贫困的经验

    【关键词】 中国奇迹 农村贫困 工业化 中囯经验 China Miracle Rural Poverty Industrialization China Experience
    【基 金】 教育部人文社科重点研究基地2008年重大项目（08JJD790152）上海市重点学科建设项目（B101）复旦大学“985工程”三期整体推进社会科学研究项目(第二期)青年项目复旦大学当代中国经济与社会工作室国家社会科学基金重大项目（11ZD 003）“城乡统筹发展背景下户籍制度改革与城镇化问题研究”（11 ZD037）
    【摘 要】 本文试图总结作为农业人口大国的中国在降低农村贫困方面的成功经验。本文认为中国通过优先发展城市工业部门来推动工业化并推动经济增长和降低农村贫困有其必然性，在人多地少的条件下优先发展附加值较低的农业未必是一个好策略。中国首先通过城市倾向政策推动工业化，创造出了新的经济增长点，并创造大量非农就业岗位吸收农村剩余劳动力，而贫困农户能够进入劳动力密集型的工业部门就业并获得更高收入，这是他们分享工业化所带来的经济增长“蛋糕”并脱离贫困陷阱的关键渠道。In the past three decades, China created a miracle of high economic growth and rural poverty reduction, from which a lot of experiences can be generalized for the world's economic development. This paper, from the angle of poverty reduction, believes that the following points could be important for other developing countries: first, with a very small per capita farm land, it's not a very good strategy for China to encourage the development of low-value added agriculture in hope for decreasing rural poverty; second, the un-equal development strategy adopted by China in the industrialization do drive the economic growth and poverty reduction successfully, i.e., employing urban biased polices to accumulate capital and creating a huge and fast-growing secondary industry, which provides a lot of employment opportunities for those loweducation and low-skill surplus labors from rural China, and as a result, provides chances for rural poor to escape from poverty trap.

     一个农业人口大国的工业化之路.pdf