经营环境的变迁与发展合作性物流外包——以山东省外向型制造企业为例的实证研究(三)

五、结论和对策建议
    实证研究发现，经营环境着实与合作性物流外包存在着影响关系。尤其值得注意的是，合作的持续性差、需求容量不足，这与发达国家的合作持续时间长、物流需求容量大相背道而驰。究其原因是多方面的，在我国，作为物流需求方缺乏合作双赢的经营理念，乐于物流自营而不愿物流外包；作为物流供应方，既缺乏大而强的物流市场，又缺乏差异性的物流服务；作为政府，政策支持和推动不够细化。为了进一步推动我国现代制造业与物流业的有机融合，促进合作性物流外包关系的发展，需要物流供需双方的共同营造和经营，也离不开政府的推动。
    (1)制造企业要树立起合作双赢的物流理念。破除重商流、轻物流的观念，重视物流的战略重要性；破除孤立经营、各自为战的竞争思维，向合作竞争、寻求双赢的思维转变，要树立起与外部第三方物流企业相互信任、相互依存、互惠互利和共同发展的价值观念，在合作竞争中强化供应链的核心竞争力，并实现双赢。
    (2)第三方物流企业要不断培育核心能力。要不断开发和创新增值服务；开发与应用先进的、互为兼容的、可共享的信息技术与管理技术，建立起物流信息采集、处理和服务的交换共享机制；加强物流网络建设和信息网络建设，通过因特网、管理信息系统、数据交换系统(EDI)等信息技术，特别是开发和利用物联网实现物流企业和客户共享资源，对物流各环节进行实时跟踪、有效控制与全程管理，形成相互依赖的市场共生关系；通过参股、控股、兼并、联合、合资、合作等多种形式加快物流企业的兼并重组，提高国际竞争力；实施推、拉结合的物流战略既对客户需求进行引导，又满足客户的个性化和差异化需求；实现传统的交易关系向合作伙伴关系的根本转变，推动物流外包的深入发展。
    (3)作为政府，要尽快出台物流调整振兴规划细则，完善各种法律法规，为物流外包合作关系的营造和发展开创更好的宏观环境。国务院提出的《物流业调整振兴规划》中，鼓励制造企业分离外包物流业务，推动物流业与制造业联动发展；实施有利于物流企业发展的政策措施，支持第三方物流企业做强做大；加强物流信息化和标准化建设，推进物流业技术创新；发展物流标准和技术推广、物流公共信息平台、物流科技攻关等工程项目和支持现代物流业发展的政策措施，必将益于推动我国物流业的又好又快发展和物流供需合作关系的深入发展。然而，当务之急是要尽快出台相关细则，完善法律法规，为物流业的发展和推动制造企业分立外包物流提供细致的、可操作的政策指导。
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