教育频道,考生的精神家园。祝大家考试成功 梦想成真!
会员登录 会员注册 网站通告:

经济学

搜索: 您现在的位置: 经济管理网-新都网 >> 经济学 >> 工业经济学 >> 正文

Intelligent Manufacturing Reshapes Global Trade

http://www.newdu.com 2018/11/8 《中国画报》11月刊 黄阳华 参加讨论

    

    
    

    September 3, 2018: Workers on the production line of the Xuanhua branch of Beiqi Foton Motor Co.,
    Ltd. in Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province. The company promotes intelligent manufacturing of
    heavy-duty special vehicles and new product research and development. It has formed a production
    base of heavy-duty special vehicles centered in the Xuanhua branch of Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd.
    VCG
    
   
    The global industrial revolutions have not only directly affected the global industrial layout but
    also profoundly reshaped global trade patterns. After the first industrial revolution, trade of
    commodities and raw materials increased sharply worldwide. After the second industrial
    revolution, economic globalization greatly accelerated and the global industrial division network
    expanded. After the third industrial revolution, the spread of information, technology and capital
    has made all countries in the world compose a community with shared interests.
    In recent years, the new generation of communications technology has accelerated full penetration
    into production and consumption fields, which has redefined both the production process and
    consumption patterns. The global trend of intelligent manufacturing has increasingly become the
    norm, and global trade patterns have gradually changed.
    For most countries in the world, foreign trade is a “mirror” to reflect the status of their industry in
    the global value chain. Now, many countries are carrying out strategic layout of intelligent
    manufacturing to reshape their global industrial competitiveness.
    Overall, intelligent manufacturing is conducive to boosting global investment and trade growth,
    which will provide new momentum to help speed up the slow recovery of the world economy since
    the 2008 global financial crisis.
    Comparing the representative intelligent manufacturing development plans of the United States,
    Germany, Japan and China, it seems that the major industrial countries tend to develop their
    strengths and avoid their weaknesses, actively seeking a development model for intelligent
    manufacturing that strengthens their comparative advantages.
    Meanwhile, the varying development models of intelligent manufacturing of major countries have
    created new space for future global economic and trade cooperation.
    Firstly, intelligent manufacturing will reshape the comparative advantages, and the level of
    intelligence will become the main determinant of global trade competitiveness. With the
    development of intelligent manufacturing, the competitive advantages of products will no longer
    be determined by cost competition, but by how to produce more personalized and higher
    value-added products with the help of more intelligent equipment, which will further widen the
    value gap between high and low value-added products and reconstruct the global value chain.
    Moreover, the new equipment supporting the development of intelligent manufacturing belongs to
    technology and capital intensive products, which conforms to the comparative advantages of some
    countries.
    Therefore, after extensive development of intelligent manufacturing, the comparative advantages
    of different countries will change drastically. Only by promoting practical cooperation can more
    people share the dividends of human technological progress and enhance the inclusiveness of
    global trade.
    Secondly, intelligent manufacturing will promote the development of industrial integration, which
    will cause the distinction between goods and services trade to become more blurred. Considering
    that production work of the manufacturing industry will be mainly performed by high-efficiency
    and high-intelligence equipment in the future, the operations of manufacturing enterprises will
    shift to research and development, design, IT, logistics, marketing and other production services.
    Production services will become the bulk of the future manufacturing industry.
    In addition, the internet environment will allow the products from the manufacturing industry to
    provide many intelligent services. For example, Apple’s mobile phone is an industrial product, but
    the company mainly focuses on research and development, design, marketing and other services,
    so that its users can enjoy good network services.
    Intelligent manufacturing accelerates the integration of manufacturing and service industries as
    well as the integration of global trade in goods and services. Many innovation and start-up
    activities are expected emerge in fields with deep industrial integration, bringing more vitality to
    the global economy and trade. Therefore, countries around the world should look to reform the
    existing global trade statistical and governance systems to better adapt to the new pattern of global trade and enhance its innovation power.
    Thirdly, intelligent manufacturing will change the employment structure and stimulate structural
    changes in populations benefiting from liberalization and facilitation of global trade, which
    demands that all countries strengthen policy communication and coordination. Demand for labor
    in the manufacturing sector will reduce as a result of the extensive use of intelligent equipment.
    The main employment group in the manufacturing industry will be professionals who provide
    service support for production.
    The employment structure of the industry will develop towards a growing sector of service
    employment. Accordingly, all countries should strengthen cooperation in education, training and
    social security systems, jointly cope with the challenges brought by the adjustment of global trade
    patterns and enhance the inclusiveness of global trade.
    Fourthly, intelligent manufacturing will promote the development of green industries and will also
    facilitate more environmentally friendly global trade. With the support of intelligent systems,
    enterprises can more accurately implement resource management, energy management and
    logistics management to reduce resource consumption and pollution emissions in production. This
    will help improve the efficiency of global production, circulation, consumption and resource
    recycling, effectively reducing the “carbon content” of global trade and promoting green
    development.
    The development of intelligent manufacturing going in a high-end, service-oriented and green
    direction will inject impetus into economic globalization and create new opportunities for the
    inclusive, innovative, universally beneficial and green development of global trade.
    At the same time, it may be accompanied by new adjustments of the foundation, competition
    modes and income distribution mechanisms of global trade, which requires pragmatic
    cooperation, enhanced policy coordination and joint efforts of all countries to promote the reform of the global trading system.
    
 
    
    

Tags:Intelligent,Manufacturing,Reshapes,Global,Trade  
责任编辑:admin
请文明参与讨论,禁止漫骂攻击。 昵称:注册  登录
[ 查看全部 ] 网友评论
| 设为首页 | 加入收藏 | 网站地图 | 在线留言 | 联系我们 | 友情链接 | 版权隐私 | 返回顶部 |