作者:李鹏(中国社会科学院工业经济研究所)
欧阳耀福(中国社会科学院经济研究所,通讯作者)
(作者排序为音序排序) 来源:《Environmental resource and economics》2020年第76期,271-298页
内容概要:在五大发展新理念的指导下,创新和绿色发展成为我国经济社会发展的基本方针。但是,创新发展不一定意味着就是绿色发展,因为作为创新的主要表现形式的技术进步可分为“肮脏”型技术和“清洁”型技术,而只有后者才能推进绿色发展,因而技术进步并不一定意味着(绿色)生产率的增长。在此背景下,本文本文利用284个城市层面的面板数据,研究了技术进步(创新)对中国绿色生产率的非线性影响。具体而言,我们用基于共同前沿的马尔姆奎斯特-伦伯格生产率增长(MML)指数衡量绿色生产率,同时考虑三种不同维度的技术进步,包括以专利为基础的知识存量表征的本土技术进步、外商直接投资表征的技术转让和吸收能力。研究发现,技术进步与绿色生产率之间存在明显的非线性关系,且因经济发展状况与自然资源禀赋条件不同而存在差异。总体上,本土技术进步不利于中国的绿色生产率的提升,且这种不利影响在资源型城市比非资源型城市表现得更为突出。随着经济条件的变化,外商直接投资表征的技术转让可能会提高、也可能会阻碍我国绿色生产率的增长,而技术吸收能力的作用虽然较小但显著为正。而且技术转让和吸收能力的作用效应也会受到城市自然资源禀赋的影响。最后,本文进一步提出了相应的政策启示。
英文摘要:When technologies could be “dirty” and “clean” in the context of green development, technical change does not necessarily mean (green) productivity growth. This paper studies the nonlinear impact of technical change on green productivity in China by applying a panel smooth transition regression approach with a panel data set of 284 prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2015. Green productivity is measured by the meta-frontier Malmquist–Luenberger productivity growth (MML) index. Technical change is considered in three dimensions: indigenous technical change indicated by the stock of knowledge based on patents, technology transfers from foreign direct investment (FDI), and absorptive capacity. We find a non-linear relationship between technical change and green productivity contingent on specific economic situations and the city’s endowment of natural resources. In general, indigenous technical change shows an adverse effect on green productivity in China, which is much more prominent in the resource-dependent cities than in the non-resource-dependent cities. Technology transfers from FDI may either improve or hinder green productivity growth as economic situations change, while absorptive capacity has a small but positive effect. Also, these two effects are affected by the city’s endowment of natural resources. Accordingly, we discuss some policy implications.
原文链接:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-020-00424-1。
注:《Environmental resource and economics》,欧洲环境与资源经济学协会官方刊物。